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From the archive
Eight documents, and why they matter
“Please bring urgently to Naftali’s attention”
Two cables on an Israeli tug chased by an Egyptian destroyer, and in the margin, by hand: “I passed to Scowcroft”.
Why it matters. It shows information moving from Jerusalem to the White House within hours, in the middle of a crisis.
“Gazit grinned”
An adviser to President Kennedy asked whether Israel was laying the ground for nuclear weapons, and recorded the answer in two words.
Why it matters. A grin instead of an answer: Israel’s nuclear ambiguity, in a single moment.
Golda Meir and King Hussein
The secret meeting with the king of Jordan, eleven days before the Yom Kippur War. Gazit sat beside Golda and took the record.
Why it matters. A key document for understanding the eve of the war: what was said in the room, and what was understood from it.
Ben-Gurion and Kennedy at the Waldorf Astoria
Gazit sent the Foreign Ministry the record of the summit, with an attachment on “the atomic reactor”.
Why it matters. The first meeting between Israel’s prime minister and President Kennedy, with Dimona at the top of the agenda.
“You may pass it to Naftali”
The night cables of the prime minister’s office during the war, from Jerusalem to the embassy in Washington.
Why it matters. In them you can follow, hour by hour, how a war is run from the diplomatic side.
“I benefited from our talk”
To the lawyer Aziz Shehadeh in Ramallah, on the question of Palestinians’ Jordanian citizenship.
Why it matters. A written exchange, with respect, with a man who disagreed with him.
“This is the ‘crop’”
To Rabbi Marc Tanenbaum, with material he had found in the Foreign Ministry archive.
Why it matters. The researcher still digging in the archives after retirement.
“America and Israel”
On the friendship between the two countries, and Israel’s fear of leaning on it.
Why it matters. The Washington years in his own words, once he was free to write.
Our approach
This website draws on publicly available sources: contemporary official documents, interviews, journalism, book catalogues and photographic archives. The historical narrative has been written in new words; short quotations are marked and attributed. Each reference in the website links to the corresponding record here.
The Hebrew Wikipedia article, written in part by Gazit’s grandson, and its English counterpart served as a basis for comparison and for locating additional sources. Where original documentation was found, it was given priority. The website keeps growing, and further sources and memories are always welcome.
Sources reviewed: September 2026. Links and access to archives may change.
Diplomatic Documents
3 sources
FRUS, 1961–1963, Volume XVII, Document 285 — Department of State telegram to the Embassy in Jordan
Telegram 427, Washington, 1 June 1962, describing an approach on 31 May. The complete published FRUS text and source notes were read. This is an American record, not Gazit’s verbatim transcript. Department of State, Central Files, 885.2612/6–162
history.state.gov
FRUS, 1961–1963, Volume XVIII, Document 360 — Robert Komer’s memorandum for the record
The meeting took place on 14 November 1963; Komer drafted the memorandum on 18 November. The full published text and source note were read. Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Israel
history.state.gov
FRUS, 1964–1968, Volume XVIII, Document 223 — Arab–Israel border situation
Conversation in Washington, 8 June 1965; drafted by William Wolle on 9 June. The complete published text and source notes were read. This account focuses on Jordan; the document also discusses the Palestine Liberation Army. NARA, RG 59, Central Files 1964–66, POL 32–1 ISR–UAR
history.state.gov
Diplomatic Records
124 sources
A national-security staff proposal, 1974
State Archives, file A-7098/4, item 000vzy7, 11 scanned pages. Gazit’s signed covering letter, 26 March 1974, p. 8; unsigned, undated annexes B, pp. 9–11, and C, pp. 2–3.
journaliststudio.google.com
Organizing technical assistance, 1959
State Archives, Israel’s Foreign Policy Documents, vol. 13 (2001), document 469, 28 January 1959; file 130.23/3087/9. Printed pp. 888–889; full-volume PDF pp. 974–975. The linked viewer displays a split of the volume.
journaliststudio.google.com
Gazit to Herzog: immigration through Poland
Documents on Israeli–Polish Relations, 1945–1967 (2009), document 294, 8 May 1959; file 130.23/118/18. Printed pp. 544–545; full-volume PDF pp. 596–597. The linked viewer displays a split of the volume.
journaliststudio.google.com
Gazit to Meir: exploring NATO links
State Archives, Israel’s Foreign Policy Documents, vol. 13 (2001), document 371, 9 March 1959; file 130.23/3111/28. Printed pp. 684–685; full-volume PDF pp. 770–771. The linked viewer displays a split of the volume.
journaliststudio.google.com
Jordan waters: the Maqarin proposal, 1963
FRUS, 1961–1963, vol. XVIII, document 338. Conversation of 10 October 1963, drafted by Crawford on 14 October; relevant passage, pp. 734–735.
history.state.gov
Gazit’s warning about SA-3 sites, 1970
Nixon Library. Tel Aviv 5009, 11 September 1970, 14:50 GMT, signed Zurhellen; paragraphs 2–3. Part of paragraph 1 is redacted.
www.nixonlibrary.gov
FRUS — the last night before the Syrian agreement, 29 May 1974
FRUS 1969–1976, vol. XXVI, doc. 78. Memorandum of conversation, Jerusalem, before dawn. Chief of Staff Gur proposes a working group on the maps: Sisco, “Mottke” [Gazit] and “Dovele” [Sion].
history.state.gov
FRUS — Tanks for Israel: Eshkol’s talks in Washington, June 1964
FRUS 1964–1968, vol. XVIII, doc. 67. Memorandum of conversation with the Acting Secretary of State; drafted on 15 June 1964. Among the Israeli participants: Teddy Kollek, Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office, and Mordechai Gazit, Minister at the embassy. No remarks are attributed to either.
history.state.gov
FRUS — US policy on Jerusalem, 7 February 1963
FRUS 1961–1963, vol. XVIII, doc. 152. Recalls Minister Gazit’s objections, on 20 and 30 July 1962, to the corpus separatum reference, and the passports question.
history.state.gov
Israel State Archives, A-376/2 — Office of M. Gazit: Jerusalem, the Terlo team
Secret working paper, April 1974: “Holy places, other religious sites and religious bodies in Jerusalem, Judea and Samaria”, prepared by a team headed by Zvi Terlo; 144 scanned pages in the Director-General’s office file. Introduction: PDF pp. 5–6; Temple Mount options: pp. 18–23; the planning committee: p. 55; bibliography: pp. 140–144.
journaliststudio.google.com
Moshe Hirsch and Deborah Housen-Couriel — Whither Jerusalem? Proposals on the city’s future (Hebrew)
Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies, 1994, p. 47: Meron Benvenisti’s proposal of 2 July 1968 and its background, a gathering initiated by Ambassador Mordechai Gazit, adviser at the Foreign Ministry.
jerusaleminstitute.org.il
Amnon Ramon — Residents, Not Citizens
With Yaël Ronen, Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research, 2017, p. 102, note 391. The July 1968 date refers to Benvenisti’s proposal.
jerusaleminstitute.org.il
Edwin Eytan / JTA — Sartre and dialogue
The Rhode Island Herald, 26 November 1976, p. 11. Complete article read in the original scan. The JTA archive’s 9 November version is the same report.
rijha.org
Le Monde — d’Ornano invitation
Le Monde, 25 February 1977. Israel renews its invitation to the French minister Michel d’Ornano after the Abu Daoud crisis.
www.lemonde.fr
Maariv — “Ambassador Gazit has arrived for a ‘period of protest’”
Maariv, 13 January 1977 (Hebrew): the front-page report and the article by Yehoshua Kahana. Photograph: Israel Simionsky, Israel Sun. Read from a photograph of the issue supplied by the family.
www.nli.org.il
JTA — Israel, France Examining Relations in Aftermath of Abu Daoud Affair
8 February 1977. Gazit’s hour-long meeting with Foreign Minister de Guiringaud, the first senior meeting since his recall on 12 January; his return to France.
www.jta.org
The Detroit Jewish News (JTA) — Israeli Envoy Returns to France
18 February 1977, p. 39. Gazit met President Giscard d’Estaing “last Friday”, 11 February, in what was considered a major step towards normalising relations.
digital.bentley.umich.edu
JTA — France, Israel Moving Toward Normalizing Their Relations
10 February 1977. Gazit is to meet President Giscard d’Estaing; the meeting is seen as a major step towards normalising relations after the Abu Daoud affair.
www.jta.org
Notre Volonté — The remembrance ceremony
July 1978, no. 162, pp. 1–2 (PDF pp. 9–10). Relevant report and address passages read in the scans. Digitized by Mémorial de la Shoah.
www.memorialdelashoah.org
JTA — French Premier Meets with Israeli Minister in Paris
16 June 1976. Complete article read. This is the dispatch’s publication date, not a separately verified meeting date.
www.jta.org
JTA — Worldwide Condemnation of Carnage
15 March 1978. Complete article read, including the section on the request to close the PLO office.
www.jta.org
Wilson Center Digital Archive — documents on Mordechai Gazit
Wilson Center, Washington. State Department memoranda of conversation from April–June 1961 on the American visit to Dimona, and a record of Gazit’s meeting with Victor Louis on 15 June 1973. The record is kept at the Israel State Archives (Record Group 130, Foreign Ministry, file 5973/4) and was published in English by Guy Laron (CWIHP e-Dossier 31, 2012).
digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org
State Archives — list of files in which Mordechai Gazit is mentioned (Hebrew)
A list of 745 files compiled by the State Archives at the family’s request: file name, period, file number, exposure status, link and catalogue description. 362 files are fully open, 360 partly open and 23 closed. The site publishes the open and partly open files as a searchable index; statements drawn from the list rest on the catalogue descriptions, not on a reading of the files.
www.mordechaigazit.org
State Archives — file A-7023/1: the Director-General’s summaries and assessments of the Yom Kippur War (Hebrew)
The file itself, 196 scanned pages, 1973–1975, read in full for this site. It holds Gazit’s signed summaries (11 November 1973 to 7 May 1975), digests of the cables between Jerusalem and Washington, the situation cables sent to Ambassador Dinitz under his name on 16–21 October 1973, including four English summaries for Kissinger in Moscow, and his letters to Yuval Ne’eman (8 May 1975) and Simcha Dinitz (23 June 1975). Three pages remain closed on grounds of state security.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5973/5: Mordechai Gazit, the Prime Minister’s talks in Washington, November 1973 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 114 scanned pages, read in full for this site. It holds the Hebrew records of Golda Meir’s talks with President Nixon and with Kissinger in the first days of November 1973, the record of the Nixon meeting signed by Gazit, and his four-page signed analysis of 5 November 1973, “The Prime Minister’s visit to the United States (points for a summary)”. One memorandum of 2 November 1973 was withdrawn from the file.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5977/2: Mordechai Gazit, the Prime Minister’s messages to the US President (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 274 scanned pages, 1973–1975, read in full for this site. It holds messages and letters between Prime Ministers Meir and Rabin and Presidents Nixon and Ford, cables that went out over Gazit’s signature, his signed memorandum on the night of 30–31 May 1974 before the signing with Syria, and his note of 15 November 1974 on a message to President Ford. Letters and cables from May and June 1974 were withdrawn from the file.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file A-4183/10: Director-General Mordechai Gazit, political contacts with Egypt, the Gazit team (Hebrew)
A file of the Prime Minister’s Office, 169 scanned pages, 1973–1975, read in full for this site. It is the working binder of the team Gazit headed in the spring of 1975: drafts, memoranda and legal opinions prepared for a possible comprehensive settlement and a reconvened Geneva Conference, with cover slips naming each paper’s author. Among them is the six-page “Proposal for a comprehensive settlement” of 25 May 1975, marked as drafted by M. Gazit and not yet discussed in the team. The file holds no list of the team’s members and no minutes.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file G-6701/7: Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, Director-General Mordechai Gazit, personal file (Hebrew)
A file of the Prime Minister’s Office, 284 scanned pages, June 1974 to summer 1975, read in full for this site. Mostly invitations, greetings and Gazit’s short replies, among them his letters of 29 July 1974, 21 January 1975, 25 May 1975, 9 June 1975 and 22 June 1975 quoted on the site. Private details of other people that appear in the file are not reproduced.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file A-7060/7: incoming cables from Simcha Dinitz to Mordechai Gazit, January–February 1974 (Hebrew)
A file of the Prime Minister’s Office, 259 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Incoming cables from Ambassador Dinitz and Minister Shalev in Washington, most of them headed “To: Gazit – addressee only”, from 1 January to 10 February 1974 (the date range on the cover), and two outgoing cables in Gazit’s name, among them his cable of 23 January 1974. Two pages are closed and three are blacked out.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5983/1: Mordechai Gazit, the visit of Deputy Defence Minister Shimon Peres to Washington, May 1962 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 63 scanned pages, read in full for this site. The Washington embassy’s dossier on the visit: the four-page summary report of 29 May 1962 from the Minister to the Foreign Minister, over the typed signature M. Gazit, with eight enclosures, among them the records of the talks at the State Department, which the report says he wrote.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5980/7: Mordechai Gazit, Jarring (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 289 scanned pages, read in full for this site. His working file on the Jarring mission; the documents run from December 1970 to January 1972. It holds about fifteen memoranda and letters by Gazit, among them his memoranda to the Foreign Minister of December 1970 and January 1971 as chairman of the Ministry’s working group, his memorandum of 6 December 1971, and his letter of 16 January 1972 as Director-General. Two pages are closed.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file A-7790/16: the Davis Institute, interviews with personalities, Mordechai Gazit: background material (Hebrew)
74 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Papers Gazit gave the Davis Institute’s oral-documentation section in 1982: his signed paper of 9 December 1963, written in Washington, “An Israeli initiative in the cold war between the Arab states and Israel”; his paper of October 1982 on France–Israel relations in 1975–1979; speeches and letters from his years as ambassador in Paris; and material of 1982 on the battle of Qastal, which is not used on this site.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5973/2: Mordechai Gazit, M. Gazit’s visit to Washington, 1970–1971 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 50 scanned pages, read in full for this site. The Washington embassy’s records of Gazit’s talks at the State Department on 20–21 July 1970 and in September 1971. The records were written by embassy staff; his words are reported speech.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5973/11: Mordechai Gazit, Nixon’s visit, June 1974 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 114 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Papers for President Nixon’s visit to Israel on 16–17 June 1974: Gazit’s “Points for the talk with President Nixon” of 12 June 1974, his signed digests of the ambassador’s cables of 8 June, the programme and the ceremonial procedures. It holds no minutes of the meetings with the President.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5980/11: Mordechai Gazit, the Prime Minister’s messages, 1973–1975 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 67 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Personal correspondence of the Director-General’s bureau about the Prime Minister’s messages: Gazit’s letter of 26 August 1973 to the Ambassador in Bonn on the “special channel” to Chancellor Brandt, and his letter of 1 December 1973 to Uri Lubrani in Tehran. The content of the messages themselves is not given on this site.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5977/7: Mordechai Gazit, the working team, November 1973 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 166 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Staff papers of the senior team Gazit headed from December 1973: his signed letters to the Prime Minister of 15 February and 22 September 1974, and a record of his talk with the IDF’s planners on 27 May 1971. The team’s unsigned papers are not attributed to him.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5976/2: Mordechai Gazit, disengagement with Syria, May 1974 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 264 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Gazit’s papers on the negotiations with Syria: the memorandum for the Defence Minister’s talks in Washington (20 March 1974), the sheets prepared for Kissinger’s talks in Damascus (2 May), the signed “Points for decision” of 28 May, and the text he dictated on the Hermon road (28 August). Names of prisoners and of the missing, military details and intelligence material are not given on this site.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file HZ-5974/15: Mordechai Gazit, untitled file, August 1975 (Hebrew)
A Foreign Ministry file, 135 scanned pages, read in full for this site. The drafts of the interim agreement with Egypt and the papers Gazit wrote to Foreign Minister Yigal Allon between 22 and 28 August 1975: his remarks on the text of the agreement, and his proposals on how the agreement would be presented after it was signed. It holds no minutes of the meetings with Kissinger.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — file A-7784/7: the Davis Institute, Mordechai Gazit: a critique of Shimon Peres’s moves for the “Jordanian option”, 1985–1988 (Hebrew)
A file of 26 scanned pages, read in full for this site. Gazit’s signed nine-page memorandum of 10 July 1990 for the oral-history section of the Davis Institute, a copy of his letter of 16 December 1989 to Richard Murphy, and six annexes. One side of an argument: the file holds no reply.
www.archives.gov.il
State Archives — the war summaries prepared by Mordechai Gazit (Hebrew)
An appendix to the State Archives’ Yom Kippur War collection: twelve summaries of the contacts between Israel and the United States, 5–31 October 1973, written in the months after the war. File A-7023/1, “Summaries and assessments of the Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office on the events of the Yom Kippur War”, open at archives.gov.il/details/001foal.
catalog.archives.gov.il
State Archives — Rabin to Foreign Ministry Director-General Gazit, 5 September 1972
Document 5, file A-116/7 (Hebrew). The ambassador in Washington reports on his conversation with Secretary of State Rogers on the day of the attack on the Israeli team in Munich. Reference courtesy of the Yitzhak Rabin Center.
catalog.archives.gov.il
State Archives — cables between Rabin and Gazit, 6 September 1972
An exchange of cables (Hebrew) on the American position on suspending the Olympic Games after the attack. Reference courtesy of the Yitzhak Rabin Center.
catalog.archives.gov.il
Outgoing cable: Rabin’s reply to President Ford, 30 March 1975
Foreign Ministry, Communications Department, “Top Secret”, to Washington; two pages, in English. The text of Prime Minister Rabin’s letter to President Ford after the suspension of Kissinger’s shuttle; the cable is signed “Gazit”. Courtesy of the Yitzhak Rabin Center.
www.mordechaigazit.org
Interview with Yitzhak Rabin on the 1948 fighting in Jerusalem (transcript “Strap 32”)
English transcript, 15 pages, from the years when Gazit was ambassador in Paris. p. 5: “And Mordechai Gazit – our Ambassador to Paris was put in command.” Courtesy of the Yitzhak Rabin Center; the transcript itself is not online.
www.rabincenter.org.il
JTA — France begins negotiating for Israel
2 July 1976. identifies Gazit’s message to the French Foreign Ministry.
www.jta.org
Channel 13 — “David Zion”: Primakov’s warning before the war
2023. On the State Archives file of the secret Soviet envoy; Gazit passed the reports directly to Golda Meir’s office.
13tv.co.il
Israel State Archives on Pinpoint — documents on the Six-Day War and after
A searchable collection of some 300,000 pages, including files of Director-General Mordechai Gazit’s office and the Jarring files.
journaliststudio.google.com
FRUS — Conversation with Israeli Minister Gazit, 14 May 1963
FRUS 1961–1963, vol. XVIII, doc. 248. Robert Komer’s memorandum on security guarantees and the “hullabaloo” over US–Israeli relations.
history.state.gov
Peter S. Ford — Diplomacy over Iraq’s reactor
USAF INSS, 2005, printed pp. 16–17, note 23. the underlying source is Shlomo Nakdimon’s First Strike.
www.govinfo.gov
Raz Zimmt — Iran and the Arab region
INSS, 2024, p. 27, note 66: Gazit’s letter of 6 March 1966.
www.inss.org.il
Eldad Ben Aharon — Israel–Iran relations and the 1979 revolution
European Journal of International Security 9(1), 2024, p. 116, note 101. Gazit’s dispatch from Paris, 30 November 1978.
doi.org
Eitay Mack — Israel and Iran under the Shah (Hebrew)
Local Call, 17 June 2019. On the secret alliance between Israel and the Shah’s Iran, quoting Gazit’s 1966 survey.
www.mekomit.co.il
Eitay Mack — The unwritten history of Israel’s alliance with the Shah’s dictatorship
+972 Magazine, 24 June 2019. I1 in English.
www.972mag.com
Uri Bialer — Fuel Bridge across the Middle East: Israel, Iran, and the Eilat-Ashkelon Oil Pipeline
2007 study, p. 36, notes 12 and 22: Gazit to the Foreign Ministry, 23 February 1966, ISA 3998/6.
ismi.emory.edu
Hawks vs. Doves: The Story of the First US-Israel Arms Deal
Hayim Iserovich, Israel Defense, 3 August 2018. the Gazit telegram it cites was not independently inspected.
www.israeldefense.co.il
Harman and Gazit meet Bundy, 16 February 1961
FRUS, volume XVII, document 12. Gazit at the meeting, alongside Ambassador Harman, who presented the case for the Hawk missiles.
history.state.gov
Gazit’s conversation with Komer, 30 April 1962
FRUS, volume XVII, document 259. Gazit’s own proposal for American security assurances, raised in a conversation with the Americans.
history.state.gov
Kennedy’s Hawk decision conveyed, 19 August 1962
FRUS, volume XVIII, document 24. Feldman reports conveying the decision to Ben-Gurion, Meir and Kollek.
history.state.gov
Hagai Tsoref — Golda Meir versus Kissinger
Yesodot 5, IDF History Department, 5 July 2023. Note 20 identifies Gazit’s telegram to Dinitz, ול/968, dated 19 October 1973.
www.idf.il
Eban and the U.S. chargé, 21 October 1971
FRUS 1969–1976, Volume XXIII, Document 261. Telegram from the U.S. Embassy in Israel.
history.state.gov
Meir and Kissinger on disengagement, December 1973
FRUS 1969–1976, Volume XXV, Document 401. Memorandum of conversation at the Prime Minister’s Office.
history.state.gov
The agreement with Syria, 28 May 1974
FRUS 1969–1976, Volume XXVI, Document 76. Memorandum of conversation at the Prime Minister’s Office.
history.state.gov
The Washington Talks, 1 November 1973
FRUS, Volume XXV, Document 305. Gazit participates in a discussion of direct talks, redeployment and prisoners of war.
history.state.gov
Discussion of Disengagement, 15 January 1974
FRUS, Volume XXVI, Document 6. Gazit works on the wording of the draft during a working lunch in Jerusalem.
history.state.gov
Rabin and Ford at the White House, 10 September 1974
FRUS, Volume XXVI, Document 99. Gazit, Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office, sits beside Rabin at the meeting.
history.state.gov
Rabin and Ford, 11 June 1975
FRUS, Volume XXVI, Document 183. A working meeting attended by Gazit ahead of further talks on an interim agreement.
history.state.gov
The original memorandum: Rabin and Ford in the Oval Office, 11 June 1975
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library, National Security Adviser’s Memoranda of Conversation. Scan of the full memorandum (15 pages), including the list of participants and Gazit’s answer on the Golan settlements.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
FRUS — The final drafts before the disengagement agreement, January 1974
FRUS, Volume XXVI, Document 7. Prime Minister’s office, Jerusalem. Kissinger sends Gazit and Saunders to draft an agreed checklist for the meeting with Sadat.
history.state.gov
FRUS — The final meeting of the shuttle, 22 March 1975
FRUS, Volume XXVI, Document 158. Jerusalem, 6:35–8:15 p.m. Gazit sat in the meeting; the memorandum records the decision to suspend the talks.
history.state.gov
Memorandum of conversation: Kissinger and the Israeli negotiating team, 19 March 1975
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library, Kissinger Reports, Box 4, Kissinger’s trip, March 1975. Prime Minister’s Residence, Jerusalem, 8:45–10:20 a.m. Includes the exchanges on the formulations, the Nixon letter and “too sensible”.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library — search results for “Gazit”
44 items: memoranda from Kissinger’s March 1975 shuttle, papers from the September 1974 state dinner, contact sheets, the President’s Daily Diary and a film catalogue. Quoted excerpts rely on the library’s text recognition of the scans.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
State dinner for Prime Minister Rabin, September 1974 — seating guidance
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Guest list and place cards with a pronunciation guide for each guest; for Gazit: gah-ZEET.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
FRUS — Golda Meir with President Nixon, November 1973
FRUS, Volume XXV, Document 306. The Oval Office. Gazit at the meeting, as Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office.
history.state.gov
Hagai Tsoref — “Golda Meir versus Kissinger: The Struggle over the Ceasefire Lines on the Egyptian Front” (Hebrew)
Yesodot 5, IDF History Department, 2023. Based on the cables between the Prime Minister’s Office and the Washington embassy in the Israel State Archives, including Gazit’s cables to Dinitz of 19, 20, 22, 23 and 30 October 1973.
www.idf.il
Israel State Archives — “24 October 1973” (Hebrew)
The State Archives’ account of the day. It opens with Gazit’s report to Dinitz that morning, “in general, the night was quiet on the Egyptian front” (cable ol/9, file A-4996/5, p. 53).
catalog.archives.gov.il
Golda Meir’s meeting with King Hussein, 25 September 1973 (Hebrew)
Golda Meir Institute. An account attributed to a senior Military Intelligence officer: the meeting, Gazit taking the notes, and the discussions the next day.
goldameir.org.il
Times of Israel — Account of King Hussein’s 1973 war warning
A 2013 report on the 25 September 1973 meeting and its participants, Gazit among them.
www.timesofisrael.com
Israel State Archives — The Yom Kippur War, day by day (Hebrew)
The State Archives’ publication for the war’s fiftieth anniversary, naming the team that worked beside Golda Meir.
catalog.archives.gov.il
Hagai Tsoref — The American pressure that denied Israel a sense of victory (Hebrew)
Makor Rishon. Gazit’s reports to Dinitz on 24 October 1973.
www.makorrishon.co.il
Operation Entebbe — Hebrew Wikipedia
The contacts with the French government, conducted by Ambassador Gazit and security adviser Sami Dogan.
he.wikipedia.org
ynet — “Most likely, no war”: King Hussein’s code names (Hebrew)
2023. On the documents released by the State Archives, including the office diary and Gazit’s June 1973 cable to Dinitz.
www.ynet.co.il
Bruce Riedel — Enigma: The anatomy of Israel’s intelligence failure
Brookings, 2017. On the meeting with Hussein and the dispute over what was said.
www.brookings.edu
Golda Meir’s government before the Yom Kippur War — a reply to Yigal Kipnis (Hebrew)
Iyunim, vol. 28. Cites Gazit’s letters and cables of 1971–1973, including his August 1973 explanation to the ambassador in Bonn of the secret channel to Chancellor Brandt.
in.bgu.ac.il
Freddy Eytan — Giscard et Israël, un septennat tumultueux (French)
Tribune Juive, 2020. An account by a diplomat who served at the Paris embassy: the phone call after Entebbe and the ambassador’s recall in 1977.
www.tribunejuive.info
Le jour où la France relâche le « cerveau » du massacre de Munich (French)
Le CAPE de Jérusalem. The Abu Daoud affair, and Giscard’s instruction to his ministers to allow Ambassador Gazit’s return.
jcpa-lecape.org
Al Jazeera — Declassified documents on Israel and Burma (Arabic)
2022. Quotes Gazit’s 1955 cable from Burma, from documents uncovered by lawyer Eitay Mack.
www.aljazeera.net
Israel State Archives — 19 October 1973: “It is vital in our view that this terrible war should not end merely in a dubious ceasefire” (Hebrew)
A chapter of “The Yom Kippur War, day by day”, whose title is taken from Gazit’s cable.
catalog.archives.gov.il
Israel State Archives — the cable file between the Prime Minister’s Office and the Washington embassy, A-4996/5
The original scanned file, October 1973. On p. 53, Gazit’s cable to Dinitz of the morning of 24 October, alongside the cables from Washington in those days.
www.archives.gov.il
Israel State Archives, A-5157/3 — M. Gazit, untitled file: Yom Kippur War cables
File of the Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office, 6–26 October 1973, scanned (66 pp.), via NYU’s repository. Gazit’s cables: p. 65 (6 Oct, 23:50), p. 55 (15 Oct, 02:00, the tank arithmetic), p. 12 (23 Oct, 21:15). Dinitz’s cables to him: p. 57 (13 Oct), p. 6 (25 Oct, the direct line). Golda Meir’s letter to Nixon: p. 61. Kissinger’s message to Dinitz: p. 2 (26 Oct, 21:30).
archive.nyu.edu
FRUS — At Blair House, 2 November 1973
FRUS, vol. XXV, doc. 312. Golda Meir and her team with Kissinger on the prisoners and the October 22 lines; Gazit’s questions and proposals.
history.state.gov
FRUS — Rabin and Kissinger in New York, 15 June 1975
FRUS, vol. XXVI, doc. 188. Gazit among the participants, and his question on the timetable for military supply.
history.state.gov
FRUS — The Lebanese canal and the Jordan headwaters, July 1965
FRUS 1964–1968, vol. XVIII, doc. 227. Minister Gazit’s approach to Secretary Rusk on 7 July 1965, and his words at the State Department on 19 July.
history.state.gov
Ambassador Harman’s record of the Ben-Gurion/Kennedy meeting, sent with a cover letter by Mordechai Gazit
Wilson Center Digital Archive, 7 June 1961; Israel State Archives, file 130.02/3294/7. Published in Avner Cohen and William Burr, eds., National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book 547 (2016).
digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org
JTA — Israeli and French Officials Have First Talks Since Release of Abu Daoud
The JTA dispatch as printed in the Detroit Jewish News, 11 February 1977: Gazit returned to France on Friday (4 February) and on Monday met de Guiringaud for an hour of “frank” explanations.
digital.bentley.umich.edu
Le Monde — Les adieux de l’ambassadeur d’Israël en France, 5 July 1979
An item on the farewell reception at the embassy, in French. Second paragraph: “avait appris notre langue à une vitesse surprenante”, and “une courtoisie et une bonne grâce” that won him “la sympathie et l’estime générales”. In the Le Monde archive, sometimes for subscribers.
www.lemonde.fr
El País — El embajador israelí de nuevo en París, 5 February 1977
A Spanish report of his return to Paris on 4 February 1977, after the consultations in Jerusalem.
elpais.com
FRUS 1961–1963, Volume XVII, Document 15
24 February 1961. State Department memorandum to National Security Adviser McGeorge Bundy on his meeting with Ambassador Harman on 16 February. Point 5: Minister Mordechai Gazit set out the essentials of the Johnston Plan, the Jordan to Israel and the Yarmuk to Jordan.
history.state.gov
FRUS 1964–1968, Volume XVIII, Document 3
January 1964. Memorandum of conversation: Secretary of State Rusk, Ambassador Harman, Minister Gazit and Assistant Secretary Talbot. Israel requests M-48 and M-60 tanks.
history.state.gov
FRUS 1948, Volume V, Part 2, Document 345
Telegram from the US Vice Consul in Jerusalem, 29 May 1948, on the terms of the Jewish Quarter’s surrender: women, children and the old to be evacuated to the new city under Red Cross supervision; men of military age to be taken prisoner; the seriously wounded to be handed to the Red Cross. Names the Legion’s commander in the Old City, Abdullah el-Tell.
history.state.gov
Eitay Mack — The unwritten history of Israel’s alliance with the Shah’s dictatorship
+972 Magazine, 2019. Quotes, from Foreign Ministry files opened at the State Archives, Gazit’s survey of 23 February 1966, as director of the Middle East Department, on Israel’s relations with Iran.
www.972mag.com
Israel State Archives — The files in the Yom Kippur War collection (Hebrew)
The file list of the publication “Fifty years since the Yom Kippur War”. Among the Prime Minister’s Office files: A-268/1, “Directors-General M. Gazit, A. Eran – meetings with the Prime Minister recorded by M. Gazit” (April 1973 to September 1974); A-7550/4, “Gazit – Dinitz”; A-7023/1, the Director-General’s summaries and assessments of the war; A-7098/4, “Prime Minister Golda Meir’s bureau – the National Security Council (in the USA)”, 26 March 1974: Gazit’s memorandum to the Prime Minister with three annexes.
catalog.archives.gov.il
Mordechai Gazit’s testimony to the Agranat Commission, 6 December 1973 (Hebrew)
IDF and Defense Establishment Archives, Agranat Commission testimonies: session 11, afternoon. pp. 1–4: his post as Director of the Prime Minister’s Office and political adviser; pp. 12–13: the three war “alarms” and the discussion of 18 April 1973; pp. 22–25: the file marked Exhibit 58; pp. 33–38: checking “the accepted assumptions” and an intelligence adviser to the Prime Minister; p. 45: the Foreign Ministry’s research department; pp. 52–57: the think teams and the ad hoc method.
archivesdocs.mod.gov.il
Israel State Archives — End of an era: Golda Meir’s government and the negotiations on a disengagement agreement with Syria (Hebrew)
A State Archives publication, chapter “List of files and bibliography”. Listed there: A-7033/11, “Disengagement – Syria, last stage – March–June 1974”; A-7059/9, outgoing cables from Mordechai Gazit to Simcha Dinitz; HZ-5976/1 to 3, “Mordechai Gazit – Disengagement Syria, May 1974”.
catalog.archives.gov.il
Ministry of Defense — The disengagement agreement with Syria (Hebrew)
The Ministry of Defense’s Yom Kippur War website. The two signing stages in Geneva, 31 May and 5 June 1974, and the list of Israel’s representatives: Major General Herzl Shafir, Mordechai Gazit, Colonel Dov Sion and Meir Rosenne. A study by the IDF History Department lists the military delegation without Gazit.
yomkipurwar.mod.gov.il
US Department of State — The 1973 Arab-Israeli War
Office of the Historian, Milestones series. On the expulsion of the Soviet advisers in July 1972, the secret channel to Kissinger through Hafez Ismail, their meeting in February 1973 and Israel’s response.
history.state.gov
JTA — Israel’s Minister of Justice Meets with Attorney General Kennedy, 25 October 1963
Gazit accompanied Dov Yosef to the meeting with Robert Kennedy.
www.jta.org
Keesing’s Record of World Events — Entebbe, August 1976
Vol. 22, entry beginning on p. 27888: the government’s decision conveyed to France through Gazit.
web.stanford.edu
JTA — “Think Tanks” Set Up to Prepare Israel for Geneva Peace Talks, 10 December 1973
A contemporary report. The teams present the options; the government works out the positions; “Their work is being coordinated by Mordechai Gazit, director general of the Prime Minister’s Office” (last paragraph).
www.jta.org
JTA — New Israeli Diplomat in New York, 9 August 1976
On Yosef Ben-Aharon’s appointment. Second paragraph: Gazit co-opted him to the Premier’s office during the Yom Kippur War, and he stayed on when Rabin became Premier. The 1976 item refers to this in retrospect.
www.jta.org
FRUS — Ceasefire violations, August 1970
FRUS, Volume XXIII, Document 154, footnote 5. The U.S. deputy chief of mission presents the U.S. position on the military standstill to Gazit on 26 August 1970.
history.state.gov
FRUS — Israel’s Suez Canal proposal, April 1971
FRUS, Volume XXIII, Document 224, footnote 6. Gazit’s statement to the U.S. official on 23 April 1971.
history.state.gov
Memorandum of conversation: Kissinger and the negotiating team, 14 March 1975
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Prime Minister’s office, Jerusalem, 1:10–3:45 p.m. Gazit’s remark on the boycott: p. 10 of the document (p. 12 of the file).
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Memorandum of conversation: Kissinger and the negotiating team, 20 March 1975
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Prime Minister’s office, Jerusalem, 9:50 a.m.–12:35 p.m., and an evening meeting, 5:30–6:45 p.m. The non-use-of-force drafting and Rabin’s request: pp. 19–21 of the document.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Report of the UN Secretary-General, S/11818/Add.4
23 September 1975. Records Gazit and Herzl Shafir initialling the implementation protocol and maps on 22 September.
documents.un.org
Israel, France Examining Relations in Aftermath of Abu Daoud Affair
JTA, 8 February 1977. Gazit’s return to Paris and his meeting with the French foreign minister following the crisis.
www.jta.org
Farewell to Israel’s Ambassador to France
Le Monde, 5 July 1979. A contemporary farewell report.
www.lemonde.fr
Middle East Contemporary Survey — Contributor Biography
Publisher’s preview: dates of senior appointments and service in France. These details were available in the search index; the file itself did not load during verification.
api.pageplace.de
The Interim Agreement — UN Security Council Official Records
S/11818/Add.1–2, September 1975. The signatories and report of the signing in Geneva on 4 September. The UN distinguishes the text dated 1 September from the signing ceremony.
digitallibrary.un.org
The First American Visit to Dimona
National Security Archive, George Washington University. Introduction to a collection of documents about arrangements for the 1961 visit.
nsarchive2.gwu.edu
White House Photographers’ Catalogue, 11 June 1975
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Gazit is among those photographed in the series.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
FRUS — Ethridge with Ben-Gurion in Tiberias, 18 April 1949
FRUS, 1949, Volume VI, Document 602, pp. 926–927. The document Gazit cites in note 1 of his 1989 article.
history.state.gov
Books, Articles and Letters
45 sources
Mordechai Gazit — Institute on American Jewish–Israeli Relations report, November–December 1985
Marc H. Tanenbaum Collection, MS-603, Series D, Box 60, Folder 3, PDF page 129. Gazit’s typed name appears below the report. The folder is dated 1986–1987, but the report explicitly covers late 1985.
collections.americanjewisharchives.org
Meron Medzini — Golda Meir: A Political Biography
De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2017, open access; based on the Hebrew original (Yedioth Ahronoth, 2008). Pp. 537–538: a portrait of Gazit as Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office; p. 305: the head of the Foreign Minister’s bureau; pp. 453, 486, 525, 580, 585, 653. The author directed the Government Press Office and in 1973–1974 was spokesman of the Prime Minister’s Bureau.
doi.org
Mordechai Gazit — Moves and contacts against an impenetrable wall
Scan from the seminar on Golda Meir’s governments, 22 July 1985: cover and pp. 21–36. the date is that of the seminar.
www.goldameir.org.il
The Truman Institute — About
Hebrew University. Research, peace and dialogue; official institute description inspected.
truman.huji.ac.il
Bogen Library and Documentation Center — Truman Institute
The official page lists Mordechai Gazit’s personal archive among its collections.
truman.huji.ac.il
The Alignment Government and the Peace Process — booklet 61
Kotar, 1986. The contents list two contributions by Gazit.
kotar.cet.ac.il
Elie Podeh and Andrew Felsenthal — Israel and Sudan: The Origins of Clandestine Relations (1954–1964)
Israel Studies 28(2), 2023, pp. 1–28. A study of the two phases of secret contacts between Israel and Sudan, including Gazit’s role as first secretary in London in 1954. On the letter of 11 May 1956 (Israel State Archives, 5573/2): the article’s text names Sharett as recipient and note 27 names Meir, so the site does not name the recipient.
muse.jhu.edu
Mordechai Gazit — America and Israel (1982)
Partisan Review, vol. 49, no. 3, 1982, p. 363 onward. The issue’s contents in the journal’s archive at Boston University.
www.bu.edu
Mordechai Gazit — The Peace Process (1969–1973), Hebrew e-book
Psik digital library. The Hebrew edition, Yad Tabenkin, 1984. The table of contents, acknowledgements page and first chapter, “Introduction” (pp. 9–13 onward), are open to read.
ebooks.psik.io
Washington Institute — Miscalculations and Legacies: A Look Back at 1973
2023. Quotes Gazit on calling up the reserves and on the war’s trauma, from Israel in the Middle East: Documents and Readings.
www.washingtoninstitute.org
Uri Bar-Joseph — Last Chance to Avoid War: Sadat’s Peace Initiative of February 1973
Journal of Contemporary History, 2006. An article that disputes Gazit’s view on the missed opportunity.
journals.sagepub.com
Eitan Barak, The Freedom that Never Was: Israel’s Freedom of Overflight Over the Straits of Tiran Prior to the Six Day War
Journal of Contemporary History 43, 1 (2008), pp. 75–91. The notes cite memoranda to Gazit, Deputy Director-General of the Foreign Ministry, in autumn 1966, and his joint letter with Naftali Ben-Yehuda to the Foreign Minister and the Minister of Transport, 4 January 1967 (Israel State Archives, FO 4095/3; note 76). The letter itself has not been read.
doi.org
Yigal Bin-Nun — La quête d’un compromis pour l’évacuation des Juifs du Maroc
Pardès 34, 2003, pp. 75–98, in French. Gazit on pp. 84–85, notes on p. 97 (search “17 juin 1959” and “tenir ses promesses”); references to Foreign Ministry files 4318/3/1 and 4319/4/1 at the Israel State Archives. A full reading version is on the Terre Promise site (see the next source).
www.cairn.info
Bin-Nun, La quête d’un compromis — full reading version
A republication of the Pardès article, with its notes. Not an independent source: the attribution is to Bin-Nun’s original 2003 article.
terrepromise.fr
Wolfgang Schmidt — Wie sich Bundeskanzler Willy Brandt um Israel und den Frieden im Nahen Osten bemühte
Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt Foundation, booklet 26, 2014 (updated 2018), in German. The delegation talks led by Gazit and Paul Frank, 7 June 1973 (pp. 39–40); Gazit’s summary of the Allon–Brandt conversation, written on 10 June (note 122); and his approach to Harpprecht on the evening of 10 June (pp. 54–55, note 147, from Harpprecht’s diary).
www.willy-brandt-biografie.de
Yoel Haddad — Shlomo Friedrich, l’acteur oublié des relations entre Israël et la France
Menachem Begin Heritage Center; published in LPH magazine no. 995, 23 February 2023. The end of the article quotes Gazit’s words at the thirty-day memorial for Friedrich, 1979.
jabobegin.wordpress.com
Gabriel Warburg — The Sudan and Israel: An Episode in Bilateral Relations
Middle Eastern Studies 28(2), 1992, pp. 385–396. Gazit on pp. 389–395; note 24 rests on information Gazit himself gave the author. References to his letter to Morris, 12 March 1954 (UK National Archives, FO 371/108405), Morris’s report of 5 July 1954 (FO 371/108361), and Gazit’s report of 2 July 1954 (Israel State Archives, 42/1, MG/382/50608).
www.jstor.org
Mordechai Gazit and Aziz Shehadeh — letters, April–May 1982
Raja Shehadeh Archive, Digital Archive of the Middle East (DAME), University of Exeter. Gazit’s handwritten letter on Truman Institute letterhead, and Shehadeh’s reply, 25 May 1982. The date is uncertain: the catalogue dates the letter 20 April, Shehadeh refers to a letter of 30 April, and the handwriting allows either reading; the site therefore says “April 1982”.
humanities-collections.exeter.ac.uk
Mordechai Gazit — Israeli Diplomacy and the Quest for Peace
Frank Cass / Routledge, London, 2002. 280 pages. Contents, per the publisher: the Bernadotte mediation, the Israel–Jordan talks, the Goldmann affair, 1971, the London Agreement, Ben-Gurion and Gaza, the Sinai Campaign and French mediation, Israel and the United States, and Dimona.
www.routledge.com
Middle East Institute, New Delhi — Revisiting the Hussein Warning to Golda Meir
Occasional Paper no. 18. On the meeting of 25 September 1973, and on the fact that the meetings with the King were discussed only in “Golda’s kitchen”, not in the cabinet.
www.mei.org.in
Encyclopaedia Biblica, volume 2 — list of contributors (Hebrew)
Bialik Institute, Jerusalem, 1954. In the volume’s list of contributors: M.G.T., Mordechai Gazit. The initials at the end of each entry are spelled out at the front of the volume.
he.wikipedia.org
Rom, Gilat & Sheldon — Kissinger’s Lost Peace: The Gazit File
International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, vol. 32, no. 3, July 2019. An academic article on the Kissinger–Ismail channel of 1973, named after Gazit’s file.
doi.org
Mordechai Gazit — “Was There a Warning?”
Haaretz, 12 June 1998. His article on the meeting of Golda Meir and King Hussein on 25 September 1973. The article is not available online on the paper’s site; the link leads to an entry that cites it.
en.wikipedia.org
Rami Rom and Amir Gilat — Kissinger’s secret channel with Egypt (Hebrew)
Now TV, 2019. Presents a letter from Gazit to Dinitz of spring 1973 on his doubts about what Kissinger was disclosing to Israel, and cables between the two on the leak of the channel’s existence (file A-7550/4). The article also raises a conjecture linking this to the murder of Joe Alon; that conjecture is not adopted here.
nowtv.co.il
Yoav Gelber — Was the 1973 war inevitable?
Israel Affairs, published online 28 January 2026. On Kissinger’s contacts with Hafez Ismail in 1973 and Israel’s position. In the notes: Gazit’s cables to Dinitz of 13 and 15 May 1973, the second carrying Golda Meir’s comments; Israel State Archives, files A-7052/1 and A-4996/1.
doi.org
Alec Epstein — Israel and Egypt: Half a Century without War (Russian)
Institute of Middle Eastern Studies, Moscow, 2022. pp. 28–33: Gazit’s records of the meetings of 1–3 November 1973 and his “conclusions” of 5 November, IDF Archives, file 14–58/79 (the meeting of 4 November was recorded by Mordechai Shalev); the Watergate point on p. 32; and the Vienna meeting of 22–26 March 1973, per Primakov’s memoirs (2012 edition, pp. 286–287).
book.iimes.su
Raz Kletter — Just Past? The Making of Israeli Archaeology
First published 2006; edition read: Routledge, 2014. pp. 70–73, list of committee members on p. 71. Archival reference in the book: GL44864/18.
www.rahs-open-lid.com
Partisan Review 49(3), 1982 — contributors
p. 326: Gazit is listed as a visiting professor at Boston University, alongside his time at Harvard. The article itself, pp. 363–370, begins at page45 in the same viewer.
www.bu.edu
Selma Hirsh — American Jewish Committee report, 20 August 1984
American Jewish Archives, Marc H. Tanenbaum Collection, MS-603, Series D, Box 62, Folder 7, PDF pp. 25–31 (ID 84-505-30). Selection under Gazit’s guidance on p. 25, the review meeting on p. 30.
collections.americanjewisharchives.org
Mordechai Gazit — handwritten note to Rabbi Marc Tanenbaum, 12 September 1984
American Jewish Archives, MS-603, Series C, Box 22, Folder 9 (materials for the book “Billy Graham, the Jews and Israel”), PDF p. 3.
collections.americanjewisharchives.org
Udi Golan — The Forgotten Campaign: the naval blockade at Bab el-Mandeb in the Yom Kippur War (Hebrew)
In Israel’s Grand Maritime Strategic Assessment 2023/24, Maritime Policy & Strategy Research Center, University of Haifa, pp. 339–351. The finding is on p. 351 (p. 352 of the file), notes 7–8: two cables from Gazit to Dinitz of 25 October 1973, Israel State Archives, A-7049/9.
mps.blueconomy-il.com
Yosef Hadass — Between Aleppo and Jerusalem: Forty Years in the Foreign Service (Hebrew)
Carmel, Jerusalem, 2011. A memoir. The story about Gazit is in the section “First steps in Israel”; in Steimatzky’s open preview it can be found by the words “after a five-minute conversation”. A later recollection, with no exact date.
www.magnespress.co.il
The Peace Process, 1969–1973: Efforts and Contacts
CiNii catalogue. Magnes Press, Hebrew University, 1983.
ci.nii.ac.jp
President Kennedy’s Policy toward the Arab States and Israel
CiNii catalogue. Shiloah Center, Tel Aviv University, 1983. A bibliographic record.
ci.nii.ac.jp
Negotiation and Mediation in the Middle East: Lessons from Fifty Years
National Library of Israel. Moshe Dayan Center, 1993. Includes Gazit’s essay “Peacemakers”; he did not write the entire volume.
www.nli.org.il
Egypt and Israel — Was There a Peace Opportunity Missed in 1971?
Journal of Contemporary History 32(1), 1997, pp. 97–115.
journals.sagepub.com
Mordechai Gazit — The Role of the Foreign Ministry (1981)
The Jerusalem Quarterly 18 (1981), pp. 3–14. Article details as cited in the British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies (2015).
www.tandfonline.com
Mordechai Gazit — The Israel–Jordan Peace Negotiations, 1949–1951 (1988)
Journal of Contemporary History 23(3), July 1988, pp. 409–424. The article page at SAGE; its open notes cite files of the Israel State Archives. The article is still cited in research on Israel–Jordan relations.
journals.sagepub.com
Mordechai Gazit — “On the Myth of the Deal, the Understanding and the Agreement between Ben-Gurion and Abdallah” (Hebrew)
Maarachot 314, February 1989, pp. 43–44. Seven notes, including FRUS 1949 and Documents on the Foreign Policy of Israel, vols. 1, 2 and 4. The link opens a National Library of Israel search.
www.nli.org.il
Mordechai Gazit — “The Vicissitudes of Ben-Gurion’s 1949 Proposal to Include the Gaza Strip, with All Its Population, within Israel” (Hebrew)
Ha-Tziyonut, vol. 12, 1987, ed. Matityahu Mintz. The Chaim Weizmann Institute for the Study of Zionism and Israel, Tel Aviv University.
humanities.tau.ac.il
The Genesis of the US–Israeli Military-Strategic Relationship and the Dimona Issue
Journal of Contemporary History 35(3), 2000, pp. 413–422.
journals.sagepub.com
Israeli Diplomacy and the Quest for Peace
Routledge / Frank Cass. Publisher’s description and table of contents. First edition, 2002.
www.routledge.com
Gazit to Aziz Shehadeh, 20 April 1982
University of Exeter, Aziz Shehadeh Archive. A catalogue description of a letter on Truman Institute stationery.
humanities-collections.exeter.ac.uk
Aziz Shehadeh to Gazit, 25 May 1982
University of Exeter. A catalogue description of a reply and the continuation of their correspondence.
humanities-collections.exeter.ac.uk
The Peace Process, 1969–1973
National Library of Israel. Hebrew edition, Hakibbutz Hameuchad, 1984; a bibliographic record.
www.nli.org.il
Interviews and Testimony
9 sources
Walworth Barbour — Oral history interview
JFK Library, Sheldon M. Stern, 22 May 1981, transcript pp. 22–23. The dinner’s precise date and location are unspecified.
static.jfklibrary.org
Kenneth W. Stein — The October 1973 War: Super-Power Engagement and Estrangement
Zmanim 84 (2003), pp. 59–69; English text at Emory University. Notes 34 and 63 cite the author’s interview with Mordechai Gazit, Jerusalem, 22 March 1992.
ismi.emory.edu
Daniel S. Benjamin — Mordechai Gazit Returns to Academe
The Harvard Crimson, 28 October 1980. A contemporary interview and profile.
www.thecrimson.com
Interview with Mordechai Gazit — Golda Meir Institute
17 December 1987, according to the archive catalogue. Interviewers: Sarah Rahavi and Judith Reifen-Ronen. An openly accessible Hebrew transcript.
www.goldameir.org.il
Mordechai Gazit’s Testimony before the Agranat Commission
IDF and Defense Establishment Archives, 6 December 1973. Pagination is discontinuous and some passages are obscured.
archivesdocs.mod.gov.il
Ken Stein Interview With Mordechai Gazit
Center for Israel Education. As far as could be established, the source of his words on the airlift (“not because we asked for it”); the full transcript is open to CIE members. The interview took place in Jerusalem on 22 March 1992, according to the notes of Stein’s article in Zmanim.
israeled.org
Interview with Ephraim Halevy, in “30 Years of Full Russian–Israeli Diplomatic Relations” (Russian), eds. Zvi Magen and Daniel Rakov, MGIMO and INSS, 2021
pp. 40–41: the Soviet channel passed to the Foreign Ministry, “in the hands of Director-General Mordechai Gazit and his chef de cabinet Hanan Bar-On”, and under Rabin to the Mossad. In Russian; its chronology of the channel’s start does not fully match Primakov’s.
search.worldcat.org
Yuri Kotov — “Difficult negotiations”, in “Неизвестный Примаков. Воспоминания”, vol. 1, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Russia, 2016
Memoir of the KGB officer who took part in the secret channel, in Russian. pp. 180–182: the Kurier cartoon and the phone call with Gazit, 8 April 1975. Kotov calls Gazit “director-general of the Foreign Ministry”; at the time he was Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office. His version of the leak, an accident, differs from Primakov’s, and the description of the cartoon is his; the newspaper issue itself has not been checked.
search.worldcat.org
Yevgeny Primakov — Конфиденциально. Ближний Восток на сцене и за кулисами (2nd ed., 2012)
Memoirs, in Russian. pp. 286–287: the Vienna meetings of 22–26 March 1973, and the impression that Gazit “softened the tone of his remarks” (p. 287); pp. 297–298: his version of the 1975 leak, a suspected deliberate leak.
search.worldcat.org
Family and Remembrance
2 sources
Shlomo Gazit — Herzliya Conference biography
Third Herzliya Conference, 2002, PDF p. 7. His biography identifies his service as head of Military Intelligence, president of Ben-Gurion University and director-general of the Jewish Agency.
www.runi.ac.il
Israel State Archives
14 sources
Gazit to Gideon Rafael — 3 September 1954
Israel State Archives, Documents on Foreign Policy, vol. 9, ed. Na‘ami Barzilay, 2004. Document 347, pp. 588–589; original 130.15/3745/3. Letter and both editorial notes read.
journaliststudio.google.com
Asian Division to Avidar and Gazit — 20 September 1955
Israel State Archives, Documents on Foreign Policy, vol. 10, ed. Yemima Rosenthal, 2016. Document 381, p. 564; original 130.09/2326/3. Telegram and note read.
journaliststudio.google.com
Mordechai Gazit — Interim Agreement 1975: principal documents
Includes the agreement and annexes, an early-warning proposal and the UN statement at the 22 September 1975 protocol ceremony. 1975 (file title). חצ-5977/8 · 000p1o3
journaliststudio.google.com
Director-General’s Office — Soviet Union: contacts
Memoranda of 31 March 1975 and a 4 April conversation recorded on 6 April document the Soviet channel’s principles and the dispute over its status. 1 January 1974–15 April 1975 (cover). חצ-6823/8 · 000azrg
journaliststudio.google.com
Mordechai Gazit — Interim Agreement with Egypt: drafts and annexes
Research lead for drafts and annexes. חצ-5980/12 · 000p8qm
journaliststudio.google.com
Mordechai Gazit — Prime Minister’s letters, 1973–1975
Research lead for the Prime Minister’s letters in a file named for Gazit. 1973–1975 (file title). חצ-5980/11 · 000p8ql
journaliststudio.google.com
Mordechai Gazit — Sisco talks and the six-point agreement
Research lead for talks with Joseph Sisco and the six-point agreement. November 1973 (file title). חצ-5974/7 · 000p2xu
journaliststudio.google.com
Mordechai Gazit — Kilometer 101 meetings
Research lead for records of the Kilometer 101 meetings. December 1973 (file title). חצ-5976/7 · 000oy8q
journaliststudio.google.com
Diplomatic contacts with Egypt — Gazit working team
Research lead for the Gazit working team’s diplomatic contacts with Egypt. א-4183/10 · 000jccc
journaliststudio.google.com
Mordechai Gazit — Syria disengagement agreement drafts
Research lead for drafts of the Syria disengagement agreement. חצ-5974/10 · 000p2xw
journaliststudio.google.com
Transcripts of Golda Meir and David Elazar’s meetings with Kissinger
The participant list confirms Gazit’s presence at the 3 p.m. luncheon in Tel Aviv. No named intervention by him was identified in the pages examined. 22 October 1973. א-7047/15 · 000w355
archive.nyu.edu
Dinitz to Gazit: report on the conversation with Kissinger, 9 October 1973
Scanned State Archives cable, PDF p. 56 of the embassy-to-Prime Minister’s Office collection on Prof. Marc Trachtenberg’s UCLA site. The text dates the conversation 9/10; the surrounding cables establish 1973. This is the incoming collection, distinct from UCLA73, which runs in the opposite direction.
www.sscnet.ucla.edu
Gazit’s two cables to Dinitz on the tug “Shai”, 25 October 1973 (scans, Hebrew)
The 13:30 and 14:45 cables, “Top secret — for addressee only”, with the handwritten note “I passed to Scowcroft 1815 25/10”. Three pages, kept on this site, taken from pp. 314–315 and 317 of the collection of Israel State Archives scans on the UCLA site (see the next source). The reference A-7049/9 is the one given in Udi Golan’s study.
www.mordechaigazit.org
Cables from the Prime Minister’s Office to the Washington embassy, 5–31 October 1973 (collection of scans, UCLA)
A collection of scanned Israel State Archives documents on Prof. Marc Trachtenberg’s UCLA site. The “Shai” cables are on pp. 314–315 and 317 of the file.
www.sscnet.ucla.edu
Photographs
6 sources
National Photo Collection — D135-116 · With Bank of Israel Governor Moshe Zanbar
1 June 1975. Mordechai Gazit, Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office, with Bank of Israel Governor Moshe Zanbar. The National Photo Collection caption places Zanbar on the right. Photograph: Moshe Milner, Government Press Office. National Photo Collection, D135-116. Date and description follow the metadata embedded in the archive-supplied JPEG. The link introduces the official collection; the item identifier above locates the photograph. Displayed under GPO terms of use.
www.gov.il
National Photo Collection — D85-070 · With Rabin at Police Headquarters
15 January 1975. Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin meeting senior police officers at National Police Headquarters in Jerusalem. Mordechai Gazit is among the participants identified in the National Photo Collection caption. Photograph: Moshe Milner, Government Press Office. National Photo Collection, D85-070. Date and description follow the metadata embedded in the archive-supplied JPEG. The link introduces the official collection; the item identifier above locates the photograph. Displayed under GPO terms of use.
www.gov.il
National Photo Collection — D759-005 · The Norwegian ambassador’s credentials
21 January 1972. President Zalman Shazar holding the credentials presented by the new Norwegian ambassador at Beit HaNassi in Jerusalem. Mordechai Gazit is listed in the National Photo Collection record’s keywords. Photograph: Fritz Cohen, Government Press Office. National Photo Collection, D759-005. Embedded archive identifier: D759-005; supplied filename: D158-056.jpg. Date and description follow the metadata embedded in the archive-supplied JPEG. The link introduces the official collection; the item identifier above locates the photograph. Displayed under GPO terms of use.
www.gov.il
Ford Library — Photograph log, 12 September 1974
Contact sheet A0728, frame ranges 7A–9A and 13A–20A. Original sheet and log checked.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Ford Library — Photograph A0723-22A · 12 September 1974
A meeting in the White House Oval Office, with participants talking near the fireplace. The Ford Library’s original caption names U.S. President Gerald Ford, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli Ambassador to the United States Simcha Dinitz and Mordechai Gazit, alongside other participants. Photograph: William Fitz-Patrick. Courtesy Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. The original negative scan and its embedded caption were checked. Public domain.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Ford Library — Photograph A4998-02 · 11 June 1975
A photo opportunity before U.S. President Gerald Ford’s meeting with Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin in the Oval Office. The original caption also names Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Israeli Ambassador to the United States Simcha Dinitz and Mordechai Gazit, Director General of the Prime Minister’s Office and Political Adviser to the Prime Minister. The media appear in the background. Photograph: William Fitz-Patrick. Courtesy Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. The original negative scan and its embedded caption were checked. Public domain.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Films and Photographs
13 sources
Israel: Dutch FM recvd by President and working session with Allon
Reuters Connect, USN VA25OD4T7R3RHEUB3P3QY1NLDG0. Original date 6 April 1975; published 7 April 1975; 4:05.
www.reutersconnect.com
Naval Photographic Center film catalogue
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Reels from 12 June 1975: Rabin’s arrival at the White House and the toasts; Gazit is on the list of those present.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
France Culture — Golda Meir (1977)
A radio programme of 12 December 1977, with testimony from Mordechai Gazit, Israel’s ambassador in France. Internet Archive, Creative Commons licence.
archive.org
Getty Images — Enrico Macias et Rika Zaraï avec au centre l’ambassadeur
Item 862339020, photographer François Lochon, Gamma-Rapho collection, reference GAN90854_001. The caption: “Mordechaï Gazit lors d’une soirée le 29 mai 1976 à Paris”; the purpose of the event is not described.
www.gettyimages.co.uk
White House photo log, 12 September 1974
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Gazit is listed on rolls A0722 (27–30), A0723 (6–29, colour), A0724 (3–14, colour) and A0728.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
White House photo log, 12 June 1975
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Gazit is listed on rolls A5019 (22A–26A), A5025 (4–10) and A5028 (10–12). The photographs are in the public domain.
www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov
Israel Joins the Moscow Treaty
Israel Film Archive — Jerusalem Cinematheque. Geva Newsreel 291, 1963. Gazit’s identity and the occasion were confirmed in the archive’s description.
jfc.org.il
UPITN — Ambassador Mordechai Gazit Recalled from France
AP Archive. Filmed: 14 January 1977; duration: 4:34. playback and audio could not be verified.
www.youtube.com
Switzerland: Israel and Egypt Sign Interim Peace Agreement
Reuters Connect. A link supplied by the family.
www.reutersconnect.com
The signing in Geneva, 4 September 1975 (photograph)
Getty Images, Sygma collection, photograph 627407438. Photograph: Pierre Vauthey. Shown on this site in Getty Images’ own viewer, for non-commercial use; it is not stored on the site.
www.gettyimages.com
Rabin Meets the Dutch Foreign Minister — The Historical Link
British Pathé / Reuters, April 1975: the Rabin–Van der Stoel meeting and the Dutch foreign minister’s press conference. The source of the frame in which Gazit smiles beside Rabin.
www.britishpathe.com
Portrait from the Gazit Family Album / Shy Adam
Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 licence. The original file is displayed without retouching. The historical date of the photograph is unknown.
commons.wikimedia.org
Golda Meir at the White House, 1 November 1973
Marion S. Trikosko, U.S. News & World Report Collection, Library of Congress. Identifier: LC-DIG-ds-01480. No known publication restrictions.
www.loc.gov
Further Archival Leads
3 sources
Getty Images — Sartre, de Beauvoir and Gazit
8 November 1976, Israeli embassy, Paris. Editorial image 2196137672; object grk7730798. Keystone-France/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images. Rights-managed; no licence acquired.
www.gettyimages.fi
France-Soir photographic index — Paris
BHVP, shelfmark 2-FSF-16200, 1977–1979. A Gazit index card, not photographs inspected. Survival and availability of the negatives remain unconfirmed.
ccfr.bnf.fr
McMaster University — E. H. Cookridge fonds
Box 67, Section 3, envelope 16. The finding aid lists profiles of Mordecai Gazit among diplomatic clippings, 1971–1975.
library.mcmaster.ca
Life and Service
34 sources
Moriah — The Jewish Quarter
History of the Moriah Battalion, 2002, chapter 8, “The Quarter cut off”. Source for Gazit’s entry into the Jewish Quarter in December 1947.
gdudmoria.wordpress.com
Israel Ben-Dor — Gazit at Maarachot
Maarachot 500, 2024, printed p.31 (viewer p.32). The relevant section and notes 88–90 were read in the online text.
fliphtml5.com
Rami Yizre’el — The Jewish Quarter in the war
Jerusalem in 1948, Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, 1988, p.46. Its account of his injury differs from Lapidot’s.
kotar.cet.ac.il
Kedem catalogue — A report from the Castel
Auction 64, lot 38, pp. 44–45. A partial report reproduction; the catalogue identifies “Yehiam” as Gazit and dates the report 9 April 1948.
bo-kedem.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com
Battle heritage map — Castel testimony
Gazit’s account of the defenders’ exhaustion, citing Yitzhak Levi, Nine Measures (1986), pp. 147–148.
moreshet-map.org.il
Meir Avizohar — The battle for Qastal
Moriah in Jerusalem in 1948 (Hebrew), 2002, chapter 5. compared with IDF and Tabenkin accounts.
gdudmoria.wordpress.com
Mordechai Gazit — Hebrew Wikipedia
A secondary biography, career outline and links. Used as a starting point and checked against documentary sources; not every detail in the entry was adopted.
he.wikipedia.org
Mordechai Gazit — Wikipedia
The English Wikipedia article, including the death of Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni at al-Qastal at the hands of a sentry from Gazit’s company.
en.wikipedia.org
Ronen Bergman — The Man Who Thinks Differently
Yedioth Ahronoth / ynet, 14 October 2016. An interview with Shlomo Gazit that includes memories of their shared childhood home in Istanbul.
www.ynet.co.il
On the Road to Jerusalem — Castel V, Castel Area
IDF, Eitan Branch. An account of the fighting and Gazit’s command of soldiers from the Moriah Battalion at the Castel.
www.idf.il
Yehuda Lapidot — The Battle for the Old City
Da’at website. A reconstruction of the fighting in the Jewish Quarter, the arrival of Gazit’s unit and his wounding in May 1948.
www.daat.ac.il
Memorandum of Conversation, Washington, 18 August 1960
U.S. Department of State, FRUS, Volume XIII, Document 165. Gazit is identified as the embassy’s new Minister.
history.state.gov
JTA — Mordechai Gazit, New Israel Envoy, Arrives in Washington
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 11 July 1960. Contemporary report of Gazit’s arrival at the embassy, succeeding Yaacov Herzog.
www.jta.org
JTA — Mordecai Gazit, Israel Minister in Washington, Honored; Leaves Post
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 22 July 1965. Report of the farewell reception at the end of five years at the embassy.
www.jta.org
JTA — Foreign Ministry appointments, 1967
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 16 February 1967. Shlomo Hillel is appointed deputy director-general and head of the Middle East department, replacing Gazit.
www.jta.org
Maariv — Mordechai Gazit named deputy director-general of the Absorption Ministry
Maariv, 13 May 1969. Report of his appointment; the bibliographic reference appears in the notes to the Hamichlol article on Amos Lavi.
www.hamichlol.org.il
JTA — Chancellor Brandt’s visit to Israel
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, June 1973. Gazit, Director-General of the Prime Minister’s Office, briefs the press during the Brandt–Meir meeting.
www.jta.org
JTA — A mission to Washington and the end of his term at the Prime Minister’s Office
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, August 1975. The Washington mission of Gazit and Meir Rosenne, and the cabinet’s farewell as Amos Eran took over.
www.jta.org
JTA — The interim agreement signed in Geneva
Jewish Telegraphic Agency, September 1975. The Israeli delegation led by Gazit, ambassador-designate to France, and Major General Herzl Shafir.
www.jta.org
Amir Bohbot and Eli Ashkenazi — The Death of Shlomo Gazit
Walla, 8 October 2020. Used only for information about the brothers’ family and its immigration, not as a biography of Mordechai.
www.walla.co.il
Mordechai Gazit Archive (Truman Institute) — two letters to his parents, 1948
Two letters in his own hand, in English: of 10 April 1948, after Qastal, and of 19 June 1948, from Bikur Holim Hospital. Credit: Mordechai Gazit Archive (Truman Institute), The Digital Archives for Middle Eastern Studies and Israel Studies, The Library Authority, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Transcribed by the site. The link leads to the library catalogue record of the June letter.
huji.primo.exlibrisgroup.com
Mordechai Gazit Archive — archive record, Hebrew University Library
Record 9920982778503701. Material from his years in government and the Foreign Ministry and from his university work, roughly 1947–2000. Library premises only.
huji.primo.exlibrisgroup.com
Mordechai Gazit Archive — “The Israel–Egypt Interim Agreement: Correspondence and Memoranda”
Call number GAZ P6-1, 1967–2002, Hebrew and English. According to the catalogue description, it includes correspondence with Kissinger, Jarring and others.
huji.primo.exlibrisgroup.com
Haganah Heritage — Zion Gate (Hebrew)
The Palmach commander’s account of the Zion Gate breakthrough in May 1948: a force of 80 under Gazit, the exchange over holding the gate, and the fighting that followed in the Quarter.
hahagana.org.il
The Jewish Quarter in the War of Independence (Hebrew)
An account of the fighting in the Quarter, including the make-up of the relief force under company commander Mordechai Gazit and his reply to Uzi Narkiss.
www.jerusalem-love.co.il
Mordechai Gazit — Hebrew Wikipedia
The Hebrew Wikipedia article, including his position on the Hussein warning and the night at Zion Gate.
he.wikipedia.org
Arabi21 — How Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni was killed (Arabic)
2016. A translation of Michael Milshtein’s article on the battle at al-Qastal, with Gazit’s words that morning.
arabi21.com
Wikipedia — Israel–Myanmar relations
U Nu’s visit to Israel in May 1955, the first by an Asian head of government.
en.wikipedia.org
Haganah Heritage — Gadna (Hebrew)
The Haganah Heritage lexicon: youth units from 1936, the founding of the Gadna in 1941, membership from age 14 in rural settlements, and the roles of young people in 1948.
hahagana.org.il
Haganah Heritage — The Haganah’s forces: Gadna (Hebrew)
Volunteering age, training, some 18,000 young people in the War of Independence, and the roles of the youngest.
hahagana.org.il
Wikipedia — Embassy of Israel in Paris (Hebrew)
The list of Israel’s ambassadors to France. According to the list, as the family reported, Gazit was appointed on 23 December 1975.
he.wikipedia.org
JTA — Israel Counsellor in Washington Embassy Named Minister to Burma
28 September 1955. Jacob Shimoni is appointed Israel’s Minister to Burma, succeeding David Hacohen, and will take up his duties the following month.
www.jta.org
Moshe Sharett Heritage Society — Zionist diplomacy at its beginnings, and today (Hebrew)
On the Institute for Advanced Studies: a group of five of its students, guided by Walter Eytan, prepared a proposal for setting up the future Foreign Ministry.
www.sharett.org.il
Israeli Association for Diplomacy — Milestones in the history of Israeli diplomacy (Hebrew)
1 November 1946: the founding of the Institute for Advanced Studies, the diplomats’ school. Of some 600 candidates, 25 were chosen, among them Yehoshafat Harkabi, Aharon Yariv and Mordechai Gazit.
israelidiplomacy.org.il
Golda Meir Institute collection
12 sources
International relations and dialogue with Arab states
Topic index. A gateway to Gazit’s interview and articles on contacts with Egypt and Jordan.
www.goldameir.org.il
Various interviews
Interview index. Links to the 1987 interview and identifies his Truman Institute affiliation.
www.goldameir.org.il
The Yom Kippur War
Chronology. The entry for 19 October 1973 describes a message Gazit conveyed for Meir. It also appears in result 12.
www.goldameir.org.il
Interviews and testimony from various people
Interview index. Another link to the same Gazit interview, rather than a separate testimony.
www.goldameir.org.il
Nahum Goldmann’s initiative to meet Nasser in 1970
Research · Dr Meir Chazan. Draws on Gazit’s writing in examining the initiative and the controversy around it.
www.goldameir.org.il
“Sadat needed another war” — the Kissinger–Ismail talks, May 1973
Interpretive article · Shaul Rehavi. Refers to Gazit’s research in discussing Egyptian sovereignty and security arrangements in Sinai.
www.goldameir.org.il
Golda missed no opportunity
Opinion article · Zohar Levkovitz. Draws in part on Gazit’s book. The conclusion in the title is the author’s position.
www.goldameir.org.il
Golda Meir’s governments and the peace process
Seminar material · 22 July 1985. Links to Gazit’s contribution, “Moves and contacts against an impenetrable wall” (translated title).
www.goldameir.org.il
Northern Command intelligence before the Yom Kippur War
Account · Col. (res.) Hagai Mann. Mentions Gazit’s presence at the Meir–Hussein meeting before the war.
www.goldameir.org.il
Golda Meir’s meeting with King Hussein, 25 September 1973
Account attributed to a senior intelligence officer. Describes Gazit taking notes of the discussion for the Israeli side.
www.goldameir.org.il
The premiership — interviews with various people
Interview index. A further gateway to the same 1987 interview, retained in the result map.
www.goldameir.org.il
Key events in Israel’s fifteenth government, led by Golda Meir
Chronology · Dr Hagai Tsoref. Includes the same 19 October entry as result 3.
www.goldameir.org.il
Photographs, remembrance and credits
The family portrait is displayed from the file available on Wikimedia Commons, without retouching, under the CC BY-SA 3.0 licence. Credit belongs to the Gazit family album / Shy Adam. The White House photograph was taken by Marion S. Trikosko and is held by the Library of Congress; the collection record lists no known restrictions on publication.
The frame from the meeting with Rabin, the processed version and the tribute marking the centenary of Gazit’s birth were supplied by the family. The AI-processed version is labelled separately from the original and is not used as historical evidence. Rights in archival materials remain with their holders; films are linked to their sources or shown through the official player.
This website is a family remembrance initiative. It is not a government website and does not represent the institutions whose sources appear here.
His grandson’s words